Sunflower

Species: Helianthus annuus

Family: Asteraceae

Related Genera: Carthamus, Rudbeckia, Solidago, Tagetes

Names: Sunflower, Sonnenblume, Girasol, Tournesol

History & Folklore: Sunflower is perhaps the symbol of the sun within the Kingdom of the Green, or at least the most popular. Sunflower is native to the American continent and has been cultivated for at least 5000 years. American Indians used Sunflower a.o. for baking bread, in medical ointments, dyes and body paints. It was then introduced to Mexico, probably in exchange for other crops such as maize, and was regarded as a symbol of the sun gods by many American indigenious people, including the Aztecs and Otomi of Mexico and the Incas of South-America. In 1510 the seeds were brought to Europe by early Spanish explorers. Sunflower oil became popular in Russia during the 18th century since its consumption was not forbidden during Lent. Between 1886-1888 Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh produced a series of famous paintings depicting Sunflowers in all stages of life, from full bloom to withering, choosing the Sunflower as his symbol of recognition.

Common Uses: Sunflower ‘whole seed’ (fruit) is a common snack food and is popular in Germany as part of Sonnenblumenkernbrot. The seeds as well as sprouted seeds are also used in salads. It also common part of bird feed. The oil is used in cooking as a carrier oil, is part of margarine and serves also as biodiesel. Some 'high oleic' types contain a higher level of monounsaturated fats in their oil than the more expensive olive oil. Sunflowers also produce latex and the stems contain fibres that can be used for producing paper.

Medicinal & Toxicological: Sunflower is said to strengthen the immune system. The oil is said to have healing and protecting effects on the gingiva, heal wounds and help ease neurodermitis symptoms. It is also said to have cholesterol-lowering effects and acts digestive. It contains Vitamin E and a large amount of healthy, monounsaturated fatty acids, lecithin, carotenoids, linoleic acid, magnesium and calcium.

Sources:  Wikipedia English, Wikipedia German, Gesunde Hausmittel, Alchemy Works